Within this research phase, 24 case studies were carried out through semi-structured interviews with tourism, environmental, and local governance experts. The participants brought extensive experience and valuable knowledge in sustainable tourism development.
The aim of the case studies was:
To identify core issues related to overdevelopment, pollution, resource consumption, seasonality, and infrastructure
To document practical solutions, tools, and interventions already implemented or proposed by professionals
Research Process
Participants were selected from diverse sectors (public, private, academic, NGOs), with a focus on Thessaloniki and wider Macedonia
An interview guide was developed with topics around sustainability, innovation, natural resource management, and seasonality strategies
In-depth interviews (45–60 minutes) were conducted in person or remotely
Transcriptions and thematic analyses were performed to identify both problems and innovative solutions
Key Insights – What Was Observed and Applied
Interviewees clearly identified key challenges, such as:
Excessive water and energy consumption
Lack of public infrastructure
Environmental degradation in coastal and rural areas
Uncontrolled construction and pollution
At the same time, they highlighted practical solutions already implemented:
Installation of photovoltaics and heat pumps
Greywater recycling and use of low-flow faucets
Adoption of green certifications (Green Key, ISO 14001, ISO 21401)
Urban projects like underground waste bins, green roofs, and the Thessaloniki Metro
Local-level collaborations with DMOs
These solutions and proposals form pillars of a realistic sustainable tourism model, tailored to the needs of local communities and natural ecosystems.